Прилагане на етилен в селското стопанство и екологията

Етиленът е газообразен растителен хормон, който регулира различни процеси на развитие на растенията (от покълване на семена до стареене) и също участва в регулирането на растежа на растенията и реакциите на стрес . Най -ранният отчетено реакция на растенията на етилен е „тройната реакция на етилен“ [8], която има следните ефекти: ① инхибира инхибицията на стволовите удължения; ② Насърчаване на сгъстяването на стъблото и корена; и ③ Насърчаване на страничния растеж на стъблото ., лекуващи етиолирани стъбла на разсад с етилен, може да причини удебеляване на стъблото и възходящ растеж на дръжките .
Ethylene can promote the enlargement of plant fruits and cells and the maturation of seeds. Since ethylene can promote the synthesis of RNA and protein, and increase the permeability of cell membranes in higher plants and accelerate respiration, when the ethylene content in the fruit increases, the synthesized auxin can be decomposed by enzymes in the plant or by external light, further promoting the transformation of organic matter and accelerating maturation. However, since ethylene is a gas and difficult to use, substances that can release ethylene or promote the production of ethylene in plants are commonly used in agriculture, such as ethephon, vinyl silicon, glyoxime, chloranil, defoliation phosphine, cycloheximide (actinomycin), which are collectively referred to as ethylene releasers. The most commonly used one at home and abroad is ethephon, which is used for fruit ripening, defoliation of cotton before harvest, and promotion of cotton boll cracking and fluffing, stimulation of rubber latex secretion, rice dwarfing, increase of melon female flowers and promotion of pineapple flowering.
Ethylene also has the effect of promoting the aging or shedding of plant organs (leaves, flowers, fruits, etc.). It can also induce flower bud differentiation, promote flowering and female flower differentiation of certain plants (such as melons), promote the discharge of latex from rubber trees and lacquer trees, promote root growth and differentiation, the formation of adventitious roots of Резници, разбийте покойността на семената и пъпките и предизвикват секрецията на вторични метаболити .